In storytelling, which element is rarely stated directly and must be inferred?

The correct choice is themes. In storytelling, themes are the underlying ideas or messages that the author conveys through the narrative. They are not always explicitly stated in the text; rather, readers often need to infer them by analyzing the characters' actions, the plot development, the setting, and other narrative elements. Through close reading and consideration of the story's context, readers can uncover these deeper meanings, leading to a richer understanding of the work.

On the other hand, plots, characters, and patterns are typically presented more overtly within the text. The plot is the sequence of events that occurs in the story and is often laid out clearly. Characters are explicitly described and their motivations are usually articulated through dialogue and action. Patterns, which may refer to recurring motifs or structural elements within a narrative, are also generally identifiable through direct observation of the text. Themes, however, are nuanced and layered, making them one of the key elements that require interpretation by the reader.