What term was used to describe those in Congress who advocated for war against Britain in 1812?

The term "War hawks" refers to members of Congress, particularly during the early 19th century, who strongly supported going to war against Britain in 1812. These individuals were characterized by their nationalistic fervor and belief that military action was necessary to uphold American rights, particularly concerning maritime issues and territorial expansion.

The War hawks were influential in pushing for the declaration of war, advocating for a more aggressive foreign policy, and often rallied public support for military intervention. Their stance was rooted in the belief that war would not only resolve grievances with Britain but also strengthen the United States' position in the world.

The other terms provided do not accurately reflect the historical context or the sentiments held by these Congress members. For example, "war mongers" might suggest individuals who promote war recklessly, while "war machines" refers more to military technology and strategy rather than political advocacy. "War eagles" is not a recognized term in this context, further distancing it from the historical reference needed to identify the supporters of the War of 1812. Thus, "War hawks" is the correct and recognized term for those supportive of war in Congress during this period.